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neering. Engineering. Engineering. Engineering. Engineeri
RELATIVE DROP SIZE BY NOZZLE SERIES by the nozzle. For single fluid noz
zles the following equation may be
used for modest changes in pressure.
TROUBLESHOOTING BASICS
The following are some of the
things to look for when a system is
not performing as intended:
Nozzle Wear or Corrosion
The following definitions are with diameters smaller than this may cause excessive flow rate
given for the most frequently used number and the other half with due to enlarged passages
mean and median diameters: diameters that are larger. may increase droplet size
The Sauter Mean Diameter is one degrades spray pattern
Arithmetic Mean
Diameter (D10) of the most useful ways to charac Nozzle Clogging
The average of the diameters of all terize a spray. The ratio of volume low flow rates
the droplets in the spray sample. to surface area for the Sauter Mean poor spray pattern
Volume Mean Diameter (D30) is the same as that ratio for the Inadequate Pipe Size
The diameter of a droplet whose entire spray volume. For this rea
excessive pipe pressure losses
volume, if multiplied by the total son, the use of the Sauter Mean is leading to low nozzle pressures
number of droplets, will equal preferred for process calculations. high velocities in headers that
the total volume of the sample. Whirl nozzles generally produce disrupt fluid entering the nozzle
Sauter Mean Diameter (D32): larger droplets than spiral nozzles, Incorrect Nozzle Location
The diameter of a droplet whose poor gas/liquid contact in
P2
ratio of volume to surface area is D2 = () -0.3 scrubbers and quenchers
D1 P1
equal to that of the complete poor area coverage
spray sample.
and airatomizing nozzles such as Incorrect Nozzle for Application
Mass (Volume) Median drop size too small or too large
Diameter (DV05): the XA or SpiralAir Series typically incorrect pattern type
The diameter which divides the produce the smallest droplets of all.
mass (or volume) of the spray into It is sometimes useful to predict Careful system design and selec
two equal halves. Thus 1/2 of the the effect a change in pressure will tion of the proper BETE nozzle
total mass is made up of droplets have on the droplet size produced will minimize spray problems.
Actual droplet images captured using the BETE Model 700 The BETE Droplet Analyzer is capable of characterizing non-
Spray Analysis System. spherical droplets like those seen in this actual image.
122 www.BETE.com
RELATIVE DROP SIZE BY NOZZLE SERIES by the nozzle. For single fluid noz
zles the following equation may be
used for modest changes in pressure.
TROUBLESHOOTING BASICS
The following are some of the
things to look for when a system is
not performing as intended:
Nozzle Wear or Corrosion
The following definitions are with diameters smaller than this may cause excessive flow rate
given for the most frequently used number and the other half with due to enlarged passages
mean and median diameters: diameters that are larger. may increase droplet size
The Sauter Mean Diameter is one degrades spray pattern
Arithmetic Mean
Diameter (D10) of the most useful ways to charac Nozzle Clogging
The average of the diameters of all terize a spray. The ratio of volume low flow rates
the droplets in the spray sample. to surface area for the Sauter Mean poor spray pattern
Volume Mean Diameter (D30) is the same as that ratio for the Inadequate Pipe Size
The diameter of a droplet whose entire spray volume. For this rea
excessive pipe pressure losses
volume, if multiplied by the total son, the use of the Sauter Mean is leading to low nozzle pressures
number of droplets, will equal preferred for process calculations. high velocities in headers that
the total volume of the sample. Whirl nozzles generally produce disrupt fluid entering the nozzle
Sauter Mean Diameter (D32): larger droplets than spiral nozzles, Incorrect Nozzle Location
The diameter of a droplet whose poor gas/liquid contact in
P2
ratio of volume to surface area is D2 = () -0.3 scrubbers and quenchers
D1 P1
equal to that of the complete poor area coverage
spray sample.
and airatomizing nozzles such as Incorrect Nozzle for Application
Mass (Volume) Median drop size too small or too large
Diameter (DV05): the XA or SpiralAir Series typically incorrect pattern type
The diameter which divides the produce the smallest droplets of all.
mass (or volume) of the spray into It is sometimes useful to predict Careful system design and selec
two equal halves. Thus 1/2 of the the effect a change in pressure will tion of the proper BETE nozzle
total mass is made up of droplets have on the droplet size produced will minimize spray problems.
Actual droplet images captured using the BETE Model 700 The BETE Droplet Analyzer is capable of characterizing non-
Spray Analysis System. spherical droplets like those seen in this actual image.
122 www.BETE.com
